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Côte d’Ivoire
Initiatives
- 01 - PRECIS Project - Prevention of political violence and strengthening of democratic governance through collaborative, citizen mediation in three risk areas in Côte d'Ivoire
- 02 - YPS (Youth Peace and Security) in practice: (Self-)analysis and leadership reinforcement of young people in preventing political violence in Côte d'Ivoire
- 03 - Helping re-shape national policy on Islamic Education Structures
- 04 - Strengthening participatory governance on land tenure in rural areas
- 05 - Fostering sustainable social cohesion
- 06 - Destigmatizing the so-called “microbe” youth
- 07 - Analyzing the root causes of youth-led violence in West Africa and the Sahel Region
Contexte
Depuis la fin de la crise sociopolitique en 2011, la situation en Côte d'Ivoire est stable et la reconstruction du pays avance. Un certain nombre de grands projets d'infrastructure lancés par l'État ont impulsé une croissance économique continue. Malgré ces indices d'un certain développement économique, la situation sociopolitique reste fragile. Des tensions entre les communautés existent au sein de la ville d'Abidjan dans la région forestière de l'ouest, les deux zones abritant une grande partie des tensions et de la violence qui affectent la Côte d'Ivoire depuis plus d'une décennie. Interpeace est impliquée en Côte d'Ivoire depuis 2012, travaillant avec le partenaire local Indigo Côte d'Ivoire (CI). Interpeace et Indigo CI ont été particulièrement actives dans les régions occidentales du pays, où nos projets de recherche-action participative de 2013 et 2017 ont révélé que les principaux défis pour la cohésion sociale et une paix durable sont un sentiment généralisé d'« auto-victimisation », une crise de confiance entre les populations et les autorités locales et les tensions autour de la figure de l'étranger. Depuis 2015, Interpeace et Indigo-CI se sont également engagés sur les questions de violence des jeunes et de résilience à la violence, y compris à Abidjan, à travers des projets de recherche participative, ainsi que des initiatives opérationnelles visant à réintégrer les membres de gangs de jeunes au sein de leurs communautés.But
Avec Indigo Côte d'Ivoire, nous visons à consolider notre position dans le domaine de la cohésion sociale, en mettant l'accent sur la prévention et la gestion des conflits, ainsi que sur la violence or sur la résilience face à la violence des jeunes, en impliquant les acteurs locaux, les citoyens et les autorités locales afin d'atteindre l'analyse participative et le renforcement des réponses locales aux défis de la paix.PRECIS Project - Prevention of political violence and strengthening of democratic governance through collaborative, citizen mediation in three risk areas in Côte d'Ivoire
Despite the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011 and the constant economic growth, Côte d'Ivoire remains vulnerable to political violence. The upcoming presidential elections in October 2020 are already a source of instability and could be the trigger of an outburst of violence. In this context, Interpeace, in partnership with Indigo Côte d'Ivoire and SeeD (Centre for Sustainable Peace and Development) is carrying out a 24-month project aimed at preventing political and electoral violence, with the support of the European Union.
The project takes place in three areas identified as being amongst the most at risk of political violence: the district of Abidjan, the district of the Montagnes and the Bandama Valley. The project first aims to provide a comprehensive mapping of political violence in Côte d’Ivoire and of its main triggers, by conducting a wide participatory quantitative research,...
YPS (Youth Peace and Security) in practice: (Self-)analysis and leadership reinforcement of young people in preventing political violence in Côte d'Ivoire
Funded by the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (PBF), this 18-month project aims to support the practical implementation of the United Nations’ Agenda on Youth Peace and Security (YPS), mainly by supporting and “working with” existing youth-led initiatives that engage in peacebuilding activities in their respective communities.
The Ivorian youth is commonly perceived as a key actor of political violence, being the victims of political instrumentalization and violent mobilization, especially in electoral contexts. To change this limiting perception and to highlight youth’s commitment to, and potential for peace, the project recognizes and strengthens youth leadership in the prevention of political violence - 2020 and 2021 being sensitive election years in Côte d’Ivoire. In this sense, the project does not perceive young men and young women as mere “beneficiaries” but as active partic...
Helping re-shape national policy on Islamic Education Structures
Interpeace is supporting the Ivorian Ministry of Education in shaping the development of the “National Strategy on Integration of (students of) Islamic Education Structures in the formal education system in Côte d’Ivoire”. The stakes are high for this integration process, because a significant number of children who attend Islamic education structures (which are mostly not officially recognized by the State) do not simultaneously attend public schools. Hence, the development of that strategy is one of the government’s main instruments in implementing the law on compulsory schooling for children between 6 and 16 years of age.
From 2017 to 2018 Interpeace and Indigo Côte d’Ivoire started their involvement with the National Education Ministry (MEN) by conducting a participatory research on traditional Quranic schools and talibé children, with the financial support of UNICEF and the EU. By...
Strengthening participatory governance on land tenure in rural areas
In 2019, Interpeace and Indigo Côte d'Ivoire initiated a Project in the Mountain District and the Worodougou Region, whose objective is to contribute to the sustainable and inclusive governance of the State-led process consisting in securing land tenure and protecting specific areas. Through this EU-funded initiative, the aim is to generate, within populations, a good understanding and full participation in the processes of preservation of protected areas and delimitation of villages territories.
This 22-month project also intends to work to alleviate the tensions related to these initiatives, by setting up a framework for collaboration between stakeholders in the different processes. The first phase consists in a dialogue and information process with the populations, the authorities and the civil society, to contribute to generate a common and in-depth understanding of the socio-political dynamic...
Fostering sustainable social cohesion
In the Western District of “Les Montagnes,” Interpeace and Indigo Côte d’Ivoire, with the support of the EU, were able to (1) foster collaboration and increased trust between local authorities and Peace Committees in 9 localities (informal committees that aim at preventing or solving local conflicts) in Western Côte d’Ivoire; and (2) enhance the conflict management skills of the members of the targeted Peace Committees. The combination of these two achievements resulted in the decrease of social tensions within the target communities.
In order to catalyze the positive changes in conflict resolution and social cohesion, we will further facilitate collaboration between the local authorities and peace committees in the region. We will share these achievements and good practices with the regional and national authorities in order to institutionalize the role of—and collaboration with—peac...
Destigmatizing the so-called “microbe” youth
The perceptions and attitudes of parents, teachers, communities and journalists towards the so-called “microbe” children (youth gang members) have positively changed in the Abidjan districts of Abobo and Yopougon, where Interpeace and Indigo Côte d’Ivoire operate. The narrative around these children has become more humanized and less stigmatizing.
This positive transformation is a critical achievement considering the increasing violent tensions around the phenomenon of the “microbes” since the end of the post-electoral crisis. This change in perception and attitude was incrementally achieved throughout 2018 thanks to enduring efforts in confidence building, dialogue, and individual support of Indigo Côte d’Ivoire’s teams for the various target groups. Throughout 2016 and 2018, Interpeace and Indigo managed to generate a deeper understanding of the “microbes” phenomenon at all le...
Analyzing the root causes of youth-led violence in West Africa and the Sahel Region
Generally analyzed through the lenses of “radicalization” or “violent extremism”, dynamics of young people engaged in new forms of violence is the focus of growing international scrutiny, especially in West Africa. However, as this interest grows, we realize that our current understanding does not allow us to fully grasp the phenomenon’s complexity. Furthermore, young people are rarely associated to this analysis and even less so to the solutions developed. Therefore, the solutions proposed can only be partial or ineffective.
A Participatory Research led by Interpeace, together with its partners IMRAP and Indigo Côte d’Ivoire, supported by UNICEF, describes how societies and dynamics surrounding young people in Mali and Côte d’Ivoire structure the trajectories of some of the latter towards violence. Ideology (namely religious) appears less like a decisive motivation, but rather as l...
Ressources
Enfants talibés et Ecoles coraniques en Côte d’Ivoire : Enjeux et perspectives
Published: juillet 4, 2019
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
« Chez nous, (…) c’est nous, d’abord, ensuite les autres s’alignent ». Risques et Opportunités perçus pour la cohésion sociale et Gouvernance locale dans la Région du Haut-Sassandra.
Type: PDF Size: 2Mb Published: mai 30, 2019
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Parole aux jeunes ! Analyse croisée de leur engagement pour la paix et la sécurité en Côte d’Ivoire
Mar, 2018
Parole aux jeunes ! Analyse croisée de leur engagement pour la paix et la sécurité en Côte d’Ivoire
Type: PDF Size: 2Mb Published: mars 6, 2018
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Youth Speak Out ! Policy recommendations to strengthen their engagement for peace and security in Côte d’Ivoire
Published: mars 6, 2018
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Ivorian youth under the “talking tree” / La jeunesse Ivoirienne sous l’arbre à palabre (eng & fr subs)
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Youth Speak Out ! Participatory analysis of their engagement for peace and security in Côte d’Ivoire
Mar, 2018
Youth Speak Out ! Participatory analysis of their engagement for peace and security in Côte d’Ivoire
Type: PDF Size: 2Mb Published: mars 6, 2018
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Parole aux jeunes ! Recommandations pour renforcer leur engagement pour la paix et la sécurité en Côte d’Ivoire
Published: mars 6, 2018
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
« Dans tout ça, moi je gagne quoi ? » La cohésion sociale et la participation à la gouvernance des initiatives locales à l’épreuve du contexte socio-communautaire à Abobo et Yopougon.
Type: PDF Size: 908Kb Published: février 15, 2018
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
« L’étranger ne peut pas venir se cacher derrière une termitière et vouloir que sa tête la dépasse »
Jan, 2018
« L’étranger ne peut pas venir se cacher derrière une termitière et vouloir que sa tête la dépasse »
Type: PDF Size: 2Mb
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
« L’étranger ne peut pas venir se cacher derrière une termitière et vouloir que sa tête la dépasse »
Feb, 2018
« L’étranger ne peut pas venir se cacher derrière une termitière et vouloir que sa tête la dépasse »
Published: février 1, 2018
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
« L’étranger ne peut pas venir se cacher derrière une termitière et vouloir que sa tête la dépasse »
Feb, 2018
« L’étranger ne peut pas venir se cacher derrière une termitière et vouloir que sa tête la dépasse »
Published: février 1, 2018
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
« The outsider cannot come hide behind a termite mound and wish that his head be taller »
Type: PDF Size: 758Kb
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
"I walk with the boys" Trajectories of young people towards violence: mirror of the gender dynamics of their society? A local analysis of gender roles and social pressures in Cote d’Ivoire and Mali
West Africa and the Sahel Region, West Africa, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali
Dec, 2017
"I walk with the boys" Trajectories of young people towards violence: mirror of the gender dynamics of their society? A local analysis of gender roles and social pressures in Cote d’Ivoire and Mali
Type: PDF Size: 832Kb
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
« Je marche avec les garçons » Trajectoires des jeunes vers la violence, miroir des dynamiques de genre à l’échelle de leur société ? Une analyse locale des rôles de genre et des pressions sociales en Côte d’Ivoire et au Mali
West Africa and the Sahel Region, West Africa, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali
Nov, 2017
« Je marche avec les garçons » Trajectoires des jeunes vers la violence, miroir des dynamiques de genre à l’échelle de leur société ? Une analyse locale des rôles de genre et des pressions sociales en Côte d’Ivoire et au Mali
Type: PDF Size: 1Mb
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Illustrated Synthesis - Existing as Gbonhi: Adolescents and youth, so-called “microbes”, engaging in violence in Abobo
Type: PDF Size: 860Kb Published: février 22, 2017
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Synthèse illustrée - Exister par le gbonhi: Engagement des adolescents etjeunes dits 'microbes' dans la violence a Abobo
Type: PDF Size: 709Kb Published: février 22, 2017
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Exister par le gbonhi: Engagement des adolescents et jeunes dits ‘microbes’ dans la violence à Abobo
Feb, 2017
Exister par le gbonhi: Engagement des adolescents et jeunes dits ‘microbes’ dans la violence à Abobo
Type: PDF Size: 2Mb Published: février 22, 2017
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Comment combattre l’extrémisme violent sans les armes? Dépasser les idées reçues sur les déterminants de l’extrémisme violent afin d’améliorer les réponses de développement
West Africa and the Sahel Region, West Africa, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali
Nov, 2016
Comment combattre l’extrémisme violent sans les armes? Dépasser les idées reçues sur les déterminants de l’extrémisme violent afin d’améliorer les réponses de développement
Type: PDF Size: 977Kb Published: novembre 30, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Beyond Ideology and Greed - Trajectories of Young People towards New Forms of Violence in Côte d’Ivoire and Mali
West Africa and the Sahel Region, West Africa, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali
Nov, 2016
Beyond Ideology and Greed - Trajectories of Young People towards New Forms of Violence in Côte d’Ivoire and Mali
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Executive Summary - Beyond ideology and greed, trajectories of young people towards new forms of violence in Côte d'Ivoire and Mali
West Africa and the Sahel Region, West Africa, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali
Nov, 2016
Executive Summary - Beyond ideology and greed, trajectories of young people towards new forms of violence in Côte d'Ivoire and Mali
Type: PDF Size: 677Kb Published: novembre 10, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Résumé Exécutif - Au-delà de l'idélogie et de l'appât du gain
West Africa and the Sahel Region, West Africa, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali
Nov, 2016
Résumé Exécutif - Au-delà de l'idélogie et de l'appât du gain
Type: PDF Size: 2Mb Published: novembre 3, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Au-delà de l'idéologie et de l'appât du gain: trajectoires des jeunes vers la violence
West Africa and the Sahel Region, West Africa, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali
Nov, 2016
Au-delà de l'idéologie et de l'appât du gain: trajectoires des jeunes vers la violence
Published: novembre 2, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Au-delà de l'idéologie et de l'appât du gain: Trajectoires des jeunes vers les nouvelles formes de violence en Côte d'Ivoire et au Mali
West Africa and the Sahel Region, West Africa, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali
Nov, 2016
Au-delà de l'idéologie et de l'appât du gain: Trajectoires des jeunes vers les nouvelles formes de violence en Côte d'Ivoire et au Mali
Type: PDF Size: 2Mb Published: novembre 2, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Dynamique de violence de la jeunesse
Published: octobre 11, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Dynamics of youth violence
Published: octobre 11, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Réinsertion des jeunes dits microbes: quelles alternatives?
Published: octobre 11, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Reintegration of violent youth, known as "microbes", what are the alternatives?
Published: octobre 11, 2016
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Executive Summary - Obstacles to social cohesion and dynamics of youth violence in urban spaces
Jul, 2015
Executive Summary - Obstacles to social cohesion and dynamics of youth violence in urban spaces
Type: PDF Size: 3Mb Published: juillet 15, 2015
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Résumé exécutif - Obstacles à la cohésion sociale et dynamiques de violence impliquant les jeunes dans l'espace urbain
Type: PDF Size: 3Mb Published: juillet 15, 2015
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Obstacles à la cohésion sociale et dynamiques de violence impliquant les jeunes dans l'espace urbain
Jul, 2015
Obstacles à la cohésion sociale et dynamiques de violence impliquant les jeunes dans l'espace urbain
Type: PDF Size: 6Mb Published: juillet 15, 2015
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Résumé exécutif - Etude sur les dynamiques et capacités de gestion de conflits à l'ouest de la Côte d'Ivoire
Type: PDF Size: 857Kb Published: mars 18, 2013
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Executive Summary - Research on conflict dynamics in western Côte d'Ivoire
Type: PDF Size: 784Kb Published: mars 18, 2013
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
Dynamiques et capacités de gestion des conflits à l'ouest de la Côte d'Ivoire
Type: PDF Size: 7Mb Published: janvier 30, 2013
Since the end of the socio-political crisis in 2011, the situation in Côte d’Ivoire has become more stable and the country has gradually entered a reconstruction phase. A number of major infrastructure projects initiated by the state have resulted in continued economic growth. Despite these positive developments, the socio-political situation remains fragile. Tensions between communities [...]
